A few weeks ago, I installed an automatic water heater switch to my bathroom, but it was a crude device. What I really want to do is design a universal heater driver. That basic idea can be adapted to ...

"Windup" occurs when the integral term grows indefinitely while the actuator is saturated (at max limit). Standard PID calculates d(Error)/dt. This library calculates ...

A comprehensive PID-based control system for balancing a car on a beam using Arduino, ultrasonic sensors, and servo motor actuation. This project demonstrates classical control theory principles ...

Experience — or at least education — often makes a big difference to having a successful project. For example, if you didn’t think about it much, you might think it is simple to control the ...

Abstract: The research proposes controlling DC motor angular speed using the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller and hardware implementation using a microcontroller. The microcontroller ...

Abstract: In this paper, we design and implement a low-cost Arduino-based real-time PID controller and a sliding mode control (SMC) controller for the angular speed of a DC gearmotor in robotics ...